Special Samples
Certain samples need a special procedure for quickly and correctly determining moisture. This section contains information about how you can work with such samples to optimize moisture determination.
Paste-like, greasy and melting samples
- Use the glass-fiber filter to increase the surface area of the
samples.
- Tare the filter with the sample pan and then place the sample on
it.
The liquid contained in the substance is evenly spread over the whole
area of the filter in the filter's capillaries. This increases the
sample's surface area and the moisture can then evaporate quickly,
easily and fully.
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The Halogen Moisture Analyzers offer
both precision and speed. You save time and costs and increase
efficiency.
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Liquid and very moist samples
Use the glass-fiber filter.
- Tare the filter with the sample pan and then place the sample on
it.
- Rapid drying is suited to samples with a very high moisture content
(> 30%). In this process, the target temperature is exceeded by 40%
for 3 minutes to accelerate the measuring process.
- Step drying (HR83 only) can be used as an alternative to fast
drying. Here the duration of the temperature increase and the
temperature are freely selectable.
Because of surface tension, liquid samples often form drops on the
sample pan. This prevents a fast drying process because evaporation
takes place over a limited liquid surface area. Using the glass-fiber
filter spreads the sample over a large area. This often more than
halves the duration of the measurement and better repeatability is also
achieved.
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Samples with very low moisture content (MC <
1%)
- Use a sufficiently high sample weight (e.g. 20-30 g).
- If the moisture only escapes very slowly, use switch-off criterion
5 (1mg/140s).
- Use a high resolution (0.1mg) (HR83 only).
- Use standby temperature (HR83 only).
- Preheat sample pan for 1 minute at standby temperature and then
tare. This improves the repeatability of the results.
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Substances which form a skin and are sensitive to
temperature
Select
the gentle drying program.
- Use the glass-fiber filter (tare the filter along with the sample
pan and then cover the sample with the filter from above).
This means that the sample is covered by the glass-fiber filter and
therefore shielded from IR radiation to prevent burning. This results
in the sample being warmed more gently. Using gentle drying (slow
heating to target temperature) increases this effect. We would also
recommend this process for substances that form skins or crusts because
the skin or crust impairs moisture evaporation. The formation of crusts
is prevented by covering the sample with the glass-fiber filter and
gentle drying.
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Samples containing sugar
- Select moderate temperature. Samples containing high levels of
sugar will caramelize on the surface (above around 110°C) and thereby
prevent moisture from escaping.
- Use gentle drying.
- Apply thin coat of sample.
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Samples with highly volatile components
- Work with manual start.
- Use gentle drying if necessary.
- If the vapors are toxic, run a risk analysis and work under a fume
cupboard.
- If samples or vapors are highly flammable, run a risk analysis and,
if necessary, do not use the Halogen Moisture Analyzer for drying.
- Standardize the processing of the samples (the weighing-in period
before the start of the measurement should always be the same) to
improve repeatability.
Highly volatile samples which contain solvents (note Safety
Information) may lose weight before you start the drying
process. This will distort the result. The sample should therefore
always be processed in the same way (e.g. speed) so that any deviation
is as low as possible.
Rapid heating and therefore rapid evaporation of the sample may also
result in condensation forming under the sample pan. Using the manual
start or gentle drying may reduce condensation levels as well as
prevent a high concentration of highly volatile vapors. |
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Bulky or intumescent samples
Use the sample pan for bulky samples
(HA-CAGE)
Intumescent samples or those which are bulky, such as textiles, may
produce incorrect measurement results as they but up against
surrounding parts of the Halogen Moisture Analyzer. We recommend that
you use the HA-CAGE to dry such samples. |
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Unevenly colored samples
Cover the sample with the glass-fiber
filter.
Because of the different absorption characteristics, the sample heats
up to different levels in different areas. The glass-fiber filter
ensures even warming. |
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Plastic granules
- High resolution (0.1 mg, HR83 only)
- Standby temperature (100 °C)
- Step drying (1st step: 5 min, 2nd step: 0 min)
- Switch-off criterion 5
- 30 g sample weight
- Heat the aluminum sample pan for 1 minute at standby temperature,
and then tare it.
Plastic granules usually require a very low moisture content (e.g.
0.1%) for processing (e.g. injection molding). A high sample weight of
30 g is therefore needed to obtain good repeatability. Step drying is
used because plastic loses moisture very slowly. The sample is heated
for the 5 minutes of the first step without the switch-off criterion
becoming active. The second step is not needed and is therefore set to
0 minutes. The switch-off criterion is only active once these first two
steps have been completed. Using step drying therefore prevents
the measurement being aborted prematurely.
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